The Functions of the Deutsche Bundesbank - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 750 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/21 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? THE FUNCTIONS OF THE DEUTSCHE BUNDESBANK 1. The bank of issue Only the Bundesbank is entitled to issue banknotes denominated in Deutsche Mark (monopoly of the issue of banknotes). These banknotes are the only legal tender for any amount in Germany. Any person to whom money is owed must accept them in unlimited amounts in settlement of his claim. Coins, by contrast, are legal tender to only a limited extent. The banknotes issued by the Bundesbank therefore constitute the foundation of the German monetary system. They are used by all economic agents for the smooth and often cost-effective settlement of payments. Commercial banks, which offer their customers â€Å"cash substitutes† in the form of giro balances that the customers can draw upon by, say, cheque or credit transfer, are likewise ultimately dependent on the notes provided by the central bank since their customers may withdraw cash from their accounts at any time. At present the Bundesbank is issuing eight di fferent denominations of banknotes: DM 5, DM 10, DM 20, DM 50, DM 100, DM 200, DM 500 and DM 1,000. In addition to the banknotes, the Bundesbank puts coins denominated in Deutsche Mark or pfennig into circulation. 2. The bankers bank The Bundesbanks special status as the â€Å"bankers bank† derives from the fact that credit institutions are to a certain extent dependent on a supply of central bank balances (in other words, sight deposits with the central bank which can be exchanged for currency at any time). Only by means of recourse to central bank money can the solvency of the entire banking system be ensured. This is partly because – as mentioned earlier – bank customers generally ask for some of the credits granted to them or some of their sight deposits with banks to be paid out in Bundesbank notes, which commercial banks, in turn, can obtain only from the central bank. Credit institutions also keep balances at the Bundesbank for the settlement of cas hless interbank payments. As the â€Å"bankers bank†, the Bundesbank in normal circumstances smooths out fluctuations in the banking systems demand for entral bank money that result from ongoing inpayments to and outpayments from credit institutions giro accounts with the Bundesbank. In addition, the banks themselves can even out very short-term fluctuations to a certain extent since the minimum reserve requirements do not have to be complied with on a day-to-day basis, but only as an average of the month. 3. The states bank As a banking institution, the Bundesbank acts in some measure as the â€Å"principal banker† of the Federal Government and – to a lesser extent – of the Lander Governments. However, the legislature, in the light of past experience, has closely circumscribed this field of operations, so as to rule out any erosion of the Bundesbanks monetary policy autonomy right from the start. A focal point of the Bundesbanks activities as the stat es â€Å"principal banker† remains its participation in borrowing in the market by the Federal Government (including its special funds) and the Lander Governments. Debt securities and Treasury bills should be issued primarily through the Bundesbank; failing this, the Bundesbank must be consulted (Bundesbank Act, section 20). In this context, the Bundesbank mainly performs an advisory, intermediary and coordinating function, for which its knowledge of market conditions makes it especially fitted. The Bundesbank acts as the fiscal agent for most of the debt instruments issued by the Federal Government (see page 59 f. ). For instance, it sells Treasury financing paper, Federal savings bonds and five-year special Federal bonds in the form of tap issues for the account of the Federal Government 4. The guardian of the monetary reserves The Bundesbank is the only body in Germany which holds official monetary reserves; it therefore manages the â€Å"national monetary reservesà ¢â‚¬ . The gold holding, which amounted to DM 13. 7 billion at the end of 1994 purchase price, constitutes a considerable part of these reserves. The most important single item, however, is the dollar holding, which came to around DM 80 billion at the end of 1994. The great significance of this item is justified by the predominant position the US dollar holds as an international intervention and reserve currency. Germany is a member of the European Monetary System (EMS), and this accounts for the Bundesbanks claims on the European Monetary Institute (up to the end of 1993: on the European Monetary Cooperation Fund – EMCF), to which 20 % of the gold and dollar reserves were transferred on a revolving basis. Finally, the reserve position in the International Monetary Fund is likewise a major constituent. This item includes the special drawing rights resulting from Germanys membership of the International Monetary Fund. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Functions of the Deutsche Bundesbank" essay for you Create order

Women on the Edge of Time and Stranger in a Strange Land...

The novel Women on the Edge of Time and Stranger in a Strange Land have some similarities. They both depict how the gender socialization process is bias and a catalyst to gender disparity in the society. Both stories bring to light how men are given privileged as compared to women in the society. Analyzing the two stories and using outside sources I will draw a conclusion on how gender and power ideologies have equality impacted our society. â€Å"Women on the Edge of Time† is a book written by Marge Piercy explaining the position of women in the era 1976 going 150 years backwards. This book is open to any kind of interpretation. The narrative shows us the life of a single parent, Chicano. She is a poor woman who is struggling to provide a†¦show more content†¦They excused themselves that they were doing her a favor as they were protecting her from herself. Her mystery leaves us to ask ourselves whether it was really her who was mad or was it the world she was living in? She was just a woman who was suffering her own fate while every other woman was enjoying the life of being provided for by their husbands. ‘She was a woman on the edge; the periphery, the ultimate other, the bottom edge of society, the edge of sanity’. She was a result of abuse from men and science. She had a child who was a fruit of rape. She lost her fertility to a science experiment. She had only two men who had treated her with dignity; her first husband who was killed in the streets by the police and her other husband who died of hepatitis, Claude. The institution that victimized her was the same that took away her protectors, anyone who cared for her. Then, there was Luciente who helped her to jump over to another kind of life. Her presence on the edge made it easier for Luciente to contact her. Luciente was the person from the other side of life (future). He was some kind of a hallucination but this did not make it less hopeful. Whether she invented it or not, it was a sign that she had a greater mental state. She had bigger dreams and this contradicted her lack of education and imagination. Piercy skills as a writer give us suspense whether Luciente was a future Connie. Just as Women on the Edge of TimeShow MoreRelatedEssay : Chapter 1756 Words   |  4 PagesBlood dripped from the razor-sharp edge of my ax, Sylke. The strongest opponent I had ever faced kneeled before me, defeated by my unrelenting attack. I could barely hold my weapon, both arms covered in numerous wounds. The air steamed as I panted for breath, each exhale like a small gale. It was finally time. â€Å"Where is She?† I spoke slowly, calmly, despite my grievous injuries. My foe grimaced, releasing the hold on her greatsword, slowly leaning backward, until she was flat on the ground, oneRead MoreEssay on Sex in Ursula K. LeGuins The Left Hand of Darkness1287 Words   |  6 Pagesto a strange planet called Gethen, or Winter. 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Beyond that, was considered to be infinity, and of possibilities. One man who never believed in the superstition at the time, starting with the world is flat and an evil presence guard the edge of the world. Christopher Columbus was never deterred on what to or not to be afraid of; and wantedRead MoreFeminism in The Wizard of Oz4177 Words   |  17 Pagestelevision and becoming a part of American cultural history. The song Somewhere Over the Rainbow, won an Oscar for best song, and has been recorded by hundreds of artists. In fact, for numerous critics, the movie is ranked among the top 10 movies of all times, and the Library of Congress names it the most watched film in history (The Wizard of Oz, 2010; Baum, 1956). Most people are more familiar with the movie rather than the series of Baums books. As a film, we must remember that color cinematography

Case Study on Economic Development-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Role of Technology in Increasing Employee Productivity Answer: Introduction In the present day scenario, technology is something unavoidable. The advent of the modern scientific technologies has set path breaking records in almost every business fields. Adopting and using the technological tools has proved to be very much useful. This is because the technology driven methods will surely reduce the chancres if error and will make the entire work much more data driven. There will also be sufficient amount of support available in measuring the performance of the employees through the usage of technology. One of the good examples is that of mobile phones and laptops. Particularly mobiles are extremely handy technological device to be used in each and every organization by all the employees. They can often use their personal mobile phones for work related reasons like finding out some information or doing some quick calculations (Mohnen and Hall 2013). Another good example is email, internet calling which can be used for sharing the information in seconds with th e click of a button. This not only makes the work smooth but also reduces time and makes the work much more accurate (McNeese-Smith 2015). Research questions Has technology affected the employee performance of the department of economic development? How has Information and communication technology affected the employee performance management? Literature review The significance of information technology in every level of business is crucial. In strategic and tactical level of business, technology is needed the other purpose of using technology is to increase the productivity of the business. The technology can be used in two different area. One in software and others are in hardware. The factories and manufacturing oriented business uses the hardware technologies and other uses the softwares. The industries were the technology is incorporated are growing at a faster rate (Holzer 2012). Some of the countries like Japan, Korea and China has been dramatically influenced by technology (Mohnen and Hall 2013). The standard of living is also influence by this. The technology has also provided a competitive edge to those countries. Thus helping in creating a better workforce for people. The most important part of technology is to act as a stimulator in increasing the employee productivity (McNeese-Smith 2015). According to the National Bureau of statistics UAE, population reached 8264 thousand people and the growth rate of people is near 0.5% in UAE. According to the estimates of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the rate of employment and participation is approximately 80%. In addition, they are aged above 15 years and above (Economy.gov.ae, 2017). The average age of the population is less than 30, which gives them a proper advantage compared to other countries. The unemployment rate declined and size of workforce level increased by 4% in the next years. Figure: employment estimates and size of wages in Abu Dhabi Source : Economy.gov.ae, 2017 The laws regarding usage of technology the structures are quite in favour of the system innovations. The law of data protection, electronic identity laws are supportive of Information and Communicative Technology. Internet broadband and lines are 1104996 according to the data of 2014 (Economy.gov.ae, 2017). The support is enough in context of information and technological applications. The support and electronic commerce movement in the country is legal and legitimate in nature. The evaluation and technology is primarily given in the transport sector, water, space, health and education. Every year the national strategy for innovation invests around 14 billion dirham in innovation and media management sections (Singh 2015). Figure: Number of internet users Source: United Arab Emirates, The telecommunication Regulatory Authority June 2015 data Employees are crucial part of business when it comes to increase the productivity. Nowadays technology has affected the productivity in gauging all the aspects of their productivity in workplace. The performance of any business function depends on their performance in workplace (Mohnen and Hall 2013). This aspect of productivity measurement is also highly affected by technology. In addition, remote works are also picked by technology that were very difficult previously. The most commonly used technology in every department are internet and mobile phones and laptops. This is mainly usage of information technology. Necessity of using IT and ICT to increase employee productivity Information storage and processing is the basic work of IT technologies used in the workplace. Organisations use the information and store them to use it further in favour of organisation. The place where this kind of information is processed is computers, building communication networks and tools, fax machines, data storage and applications (Bloom et al. 2016). The application of IT in can be in two categories. The operational application recruiting, preparing payroll, taking personal orders, forecasting the inventory and planning production, distribution, allocation and labour and costing are the place where the application of information technology are used. In other functions like automation and administrative work application of technology are also used (Mohnen and Hall 2013). Informational application the main help of this is to facilitate the collection of information, transferring, storage and dissemination. Productivity measurement To gauge the productivity of the company, it must be measured. The main criteria are to check the development of the technology in companies too. Efficiency measuring is also part of this process (Bhatti and Qureshi 2007) . Efficiency in technical part and allocative efficiency in profit maximisation of the business is also purpose of measuring this. Cost saving and measuring the input is main purpose of productivity measurement. Measuring the quality of the productivity is also part of the process (Singh 2015). Performance management using Information technology Using the performance metrics in the context of IT operations, the software tools are needed. Not only managing but also improving the performance must be incorporated in the process of business development. The functions or process where IT is needed Goal setting based on data driven outcomes on previous years Aligning the objectives and interpreting the need on measuring competence Setting the SMART goals as well as emphasizing in the attainable goals (Bhatti and Qureshi 2007) Guiding employees based on data driven facts and opinions based on that too Using artificial intelligence apps in giving feedback and getting real-time information Using advanced digitalised knowledge pool incorporated by senior HR leadership Using the recent information to motivate by auto analysis apps making it positive (Maduka and Okafor 2014) The technologies used in checking performance are APM, App dynamic, Steel Central Performance management system and control, Compuware APM, BMC software APM, JenniferSoft APM, Lucierna, ExtraHop, CA application Performance Management (Bloom et al. 2016). To set the goal of the employees it must be a derivative of company goal. The productivity of the company should be decided and then it must be communicated to the employees. Using historical data and based on the traffic of the employees and their future goals. The key initiatives to estimate the improvement and growth experiments are a part of goal setting (Bloom et al. 2016). To evaluate against the peers it must be in a form of comparing the data. To quantify the improvement the records of evaluation and monitoring must be given emphasis. Aligning the objectives of the company with the ultimate goals of increasing sales. The increased operating margin also should be aligned with the performance expectations. To improve the measuring impact of different daily activities in the company the SMART goals must be incorporated. To increase the SMART activities the following things must be considered. Specific the target for the area of improvement must be specific Measurable - Quantifying the numerically decided target is measurable conditions or known as KPIs in change. Assignable to take decision based on the achievable goals in a company Realistic setting goals realistically as well as the based on the resources available in the company. Time related specification based on the time allotted and measured (Maduka and Okafor 2014) Using the digital tools it must be given emphasis. According the central Bureaus statistics of Abu Dhabi the usage of the evaluation and monitor system of the company is used more than 63% of employers. The advanced technologies and performance improvement are given by data driven software mentioned above and artificial Intelligence applications (Dul and Ceylan 2014). It helps in particular actions regarding performance management and colleagues with new knowledge. For example, crowd source technology helps in collaborate among the co-workers and customise the objectives as well as provides real time visibility among each others progress report (Koopman et al. 2012) Research methodology Research methodology refers to the process of conducting the research and before that interpreting the problem statement of the company or department of doing the research. The appropriate method selection and based on the objective of the study, conclusion must be drawn. The research questions are highlighted in the beginning of the research and aligning the goal is needed (Mackey and Gass 2015). This research is based on getting the overview of the employee productivity and how it is affected by Information and communication technology (ICT). The area focused to be researched is selected as the performance management and measuring their productivity. The process of this research will be followed in a qualitative way. Research philosophy Here the research philosophy comes first in the first step of research onion. This is dependent on the parameters that are expected to become the variables of expected outcome. The employability factors will be gauged in the economic department of Abu Dhabi. The positivism is expected in this research and variables required to be maintained on the response that will be taken from the employees performance of the company (Silverman 2016). The insight analysis of the departments performance can be better conducted if the moving forward is pursued with positive approach. Research approach and Design Research approach is in the second process of building a research methodology. In this particular research, inductive way of research is selected. This process will include the observation, data collection and data analysis, keeping in mind about the theories or the conceptual framework done in literature review (Panneerselvam 2014). Research design includes the way the research will be designed and done. The exploratory, descriptive and explanatory way of research is the main process of this research. The exploratory way of research includes the identification of background of the information, research questions, data collection and analysing based on the objectives of the study (Flick 2015). The descriptive way of research is mainly based on the problem statements that are gathered at the initial stage of research (Panneerselvam 2014). Here the findings and conclusion will be based on the objective of checking the role of technology in employee performance management. The dedication and attentiveness of the expected outcome of the process will be based on the economic development department of Abu Dhabi. Data collection process The data collection process includes primary and secondary way of research. The emphasis will be on the primary data collection for more authenticity of the information gathered (Taylor et al. 2015). To get the information on their performance management that are impacted by technology the primary data will be collected from the employees in Abu Dhabis economic development centre. The employees will be surveyed on their perception of their own performance using the Information technology using laptops and mobile as well as the internet and broad brands utilisation in the workplace (Smith 2015). Managers will be surveyed based on the software they use and how they think this helps them in evaluating and monitoring the performance of their employees. The SMART measurements and utility of the output from the software helps. The primary data will be more valid and reliable (Miller et al. 2012). Sampling method Sampling method is crucial to be considered and getting the response while conducting the survey. Between the probability and non-probability, sampling method the probability sampling method will be selected for these research outcomes. The probability sampling will be used for standardising the deviation of the research, which will be done basically in the process of data analysis of the research (Taylor et al. 2015). Sample size For conducting the study, 90 respondents will be selected form that department and interviewed in the process. The questions will be close ended for the 80 of the selected employees in checking their statement in the process and 10 managers in identifying the performance managements in the department. Expected outcome Information technology is induced in the core process of the departments as can be predicted. The accuracy of performance management increases in using the Information and communication technology. Using SMART process, it can be said that this concept is very useful for the department and enhances the quality of management. Improvising the process is also part of this management. As from the economic report, it is seen that internet and other digital technologies are very much used in the entire department. The measurements are more data driven and can be used pin motivating the employees too. The usage of that has provided them with a competitive advantage that cannot be ignored. The efficiency and effectiveness of the department is also predicted to be increased in incorporating performance management software getting data driven idea on employees performance. Timeline Conclusion Thereby, it can be concluded that technology has a major role in to play in the industrial sectors. However, it must be kept in mind that just as technology is very much helpful in making the work of the employees much easier. The qualitative method has been used in this research analysis in order to collect the data. The primary data collection method has also been used in order to gain information from the economic department of the economic development of Abu Dhabi. The resultant available from this research is that technology really has a major role to play in speeding up the work of the employees. It will enable to make the work very much faster and without any error. Hence, technology must be utilized in different aspects including the employee performance measurement. References Bhatti, K.K. and Qureshi, T.M., 2007. Impact of employee participation on job satisfaction, employee commitment and employee productivity.International Review of Business Research Papers,3(2), pp.54-68. Bloom, N., Draca, M. and Van Reenen, J., 2016. Trade induced technical change? The impact of Chinese imports on innovation, IT and productivity.The Review of Economic Studies,83(1), pp.87-117. Dul, J. and Ceylan, C., 2014. The Impact of a Creativity?supporting Work Environment on a Firm's Product Innovation Performance.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(6), pp.1254-1267. Economy.gov.ae. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://www.economy.gov.ae/EconomicalReportsEn/MOE%20Annual%20Report%20English%20-%202015.pdf [Accessed 7 Nov. 2017]. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Green, P. and Adekanmbi, O., 2015. Examination of employee factors influencing organisational productivity: Perspective of a public entity. Hamzah, H., Suryadi, N. and Hamzah, Z., 2016. The Effect of Wage and Incentive on Employee Productivity Viewed in Islamic Perspective.Scientific Journal of PPI-UKM,3(2), pp.65-70. Holzer, H.J.,2012 . The determinants of employee productivity and earnings.Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society,29(3), pp.403-422. Koopman, C., Pelletier, K.R., Murray, J.F., Sharda, C.E., Berger, M.L., Turpin, R.S., Hackleman, P., Gibson, P., Holmes, D.M. and Bendel, T., 2012. Stanford presenteeism scale: health status and employee productivity.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine,44(1), pp.14-20. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015.Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Maduka, C.E. and Okafor, O., 2014. Effect of motivation on employee productivity: A study of manufacturing companies in Nnewi.International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR),2(7), pp.137-147. Marks, M.L., Mirvis, P.H., Hackett, E.J. and Grady, J.F.,2015. Employee participation in a quality circle program: Impact on quality of work life, productivity, and absenteeism.Journal of Applied Psychology,71(1), pp.61-69. McNeese-Smith, D.,2015. Increasing employee productivity, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment.Journal of Healthcare Management,41(2), pp.160-175. Miller, T., Birch, M., Mauthner, M. and Jessop, J. eds., 2012.Ethics in qualitative research. Sage. Mohnen, P. and Hall, B.H., 2013. Innovation and productivity: An update.Eurasian Business Review,3(1), pp.47-65. Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage. Singh, K., 2015. Leadership Style and Employee Productivity: A Case Study of Indian Banking Organizations.Journal of Knowledge Globalization,8(2). Smith, J.A. ed., 2015.Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons

Logistics Management for Loreal Company- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theLogistics Management for Loreal Company. Answer: Introduction The report presents a brief overview of logistics management of the LOreal Company. It explains the significance and function of the logistics management. In addition, the report also describes the current order cycle system and current stock management of the company. It also tells that how to interface and its core functional areas play an integral role in logistics management. LOreal S.A is a French cosmetics company which head office located in Clichy, France. The company was founded on 30 July 1909 and its registered office is located in Paris. It is one of the biggest cosmetic companies in the world. It deals in various cosmetics and beauty products. It concentrates various activities in the field of cosmetics such as hair color, sun protection, makeup, skin care, hair care and perfume. There are approx 89,300 people are employed in the company. The Jean-Paul Agon is the CEO of the firm. The company is expanding its business activities and operations day by day. The company provides various cosmetics products to men and women globally. The total revenue of the company is approx 25.837 billion. The company is listed in the stock market. The Proctor Gamble Company and the Estee Lauder Companies Inc. are the main competitors of the company. The firm is offering the attractive and excellent quality of items and products to women and girls (Fernie Sparks, 2014). It is one of the biggest cosmetic brands across the world. It is the French brand which deals in various cosmetics and beauty products. Interface The interface is a method and technique that supports the association to collaborate, converse and cooperate with various obstacles and barriers of the firm. The logistics management is the core function of the every organization. The core functional areas of logistics management are production department interface, marketing department interface and accounting and finance department interface (Zhou,Chen, Li, Luo, Song, Duan Yang, 2014). The interface between logistics and important functional areas like marketing, accounting, and finance and production interface are essential and mandatory for the company to meet the firm long-term business goals and objectives. The harmonization and cooperation are mandatory to maximize the total value offered by the company. Further, the interface between the logistics and core functional departments also play a significant role to ensure the optimum utilization of resources. Further, the military theory of logistics management is very popular in the company. The interface is an important and helpful technique for the LOreal Company. The three core functional areas of logistics management of LOreal Company have been discussed below (Christopher, 2016). Production department interface The production department of the LOreal should be done in such a way that the whole actions and operations of the production and manufacture run efficiently and it helps the firm to increase the revenue and productivity of the firm. The production of the company depends on the cost and quality of the cosmetics products. The logistics management contributes in production department interface. In this company, the managers, and top management check and evaluate the quality and quantity of the products to gain the long-term goals and objectives of the company. In this way, the company can attract more customers in the market. The production department interface of this company checks and evaluates that how the firm maintains the quantity and quality of the cosmetics products in the market. It is essential to production department that it should understand the needs, expectations, and requirements of consumers especially womens. In this way, it will help to provide satisfaction to the cu stomers in the market (Mahon, Salvati, Bombelli, Lynch Dawson, 2012). Marketing department interface There is a close relationship between logistics management and marketing department interface. The marketing department interface includes the various areas such as product mix, promotional activities, market research and pricing decisions. It will provide help to improve packaging and better information flow. Further, it would be helpful for the distribution channels and better customer service. In marketing department interface the company focuses on the four key perspectives while edging with the market. These 4 perspectives include the intersections, relabeling, unionist and traditionalist (Kose, Otrok Prasad, 2012). Accounting and finance department interface A strong logistics management helps to the company to provide the various economic benefits in the market. The LOreal Company also takes the support of the logistics management to achieve the outcomes and result of the company. The accounts and finance department check and analyze the financial and accounting activities and transactions of the company. The various costs and expenses are controlled by the accounts and finance department. This interface helps to make an appropriate budget for purchasing and allocating of various resources. Moreover, the finance and accounting department interface also beneficial to reduce the inventory cost, production unit cost and packaging cost (Henderson Ferreira, 2013). Current order processing system The order cycle refers to the moment between the placing of a single order and the subsequent order. It is a particular time and instance period among the two orders that have been sighted in order. The time period between placing and receiving of the order, it is called order guide time. LOreal firm is using the excellent and effective order cycle methods and techniques in order to gain growth and success in near future (Palmer, 2012). After various researches, it has been evaluated that the current order dispensation system of this company is unique and effective. It can be measured through the data and figures which are calculated by the company that around 67% of United Kingdom girls and women use LOreal cosmetics products. It has been analyzed that LOreal products and logistics business are managed by the world-class qualified and effective consultant team. Therefore, it is improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the current order processing method of the company. However, it is also evaluated that the company takes various kind of information about the product through Edicoms CRP flow. The consultancy team of the LOreal Company is trying to overcome all the issues and obstacles and it is making the current order processing system more efficient and effective (Ashraf, Ashraf, Azhar Anam, 2015). It has been analyzed that the company uses order management software that helps and supports to the company for providing accurate and correct order facts and information in a single place that is available for every sales worker all over the firm. The use of this order cycle method helps and guides the association in such a way to decrease the cost and time. Further, this system also helps to provide customer satisfaction at all levels of customers in the market (Duflot, 2014). Recommendation for current order cycle system Although the current order processing method of the LOreal is excellent and efficient but in todays universal and competitive business and trade environment, it is necessary for the firm to arrange proper review and monitoring to maintain and manage its efficiency and effectiveness at all level in the market (Scott, Lundgren Thompson, 2011). It is recommended that the LOreal Company must manage and control changes in the current order processing method according to changes in the technology and environment to confirm its sustainable growth and success. Further, the association should properly update its order management application and software to provide better services to its customers. It is also suggested that the company should effectively and efficiently integrate the order administration function into the order process to resolve various barriers associated with delivery time and speed. In addition, the firm should provide its product at reasonable prices so that middle and l ower category customers can also purchase the products of the company (rov, 2015). Current inventory management and recommendations Inventory management is the important function of the company to gain the growth and success of the market. It has been evaluated that after normalized and regulated stock supply processes and wrapping in Europe, a supply chain cockpit founded by the association which believes the targets and association KPIs. The cockpit is interconnected with manufacture development information across 13 European plants. Further, the stock management and appearance of the cockpit is also expanded by connecting it to above 100 dealers with the help of web portal and straight exchange data from the Enterprise resource planning system of the dealers. The supply chain cockpit is important and excellent to manage and control the stock of the company across the world. It also pursues a method and strategy to maintain one month stock in extra at the CFA level in the month beginning (Strydom, 2011). It also keeps one month inventory in the warehouse. This approach increases and enhances the firm inventory holding cost. In addition, Improper forecasting is a major issue in this company thus, it is mandatory for the company to improve forecasts for reducing the firm inventory holding cost and it also increases the profit and revenue of the company. The use of advanced technologies like CRP/VMI supports and guides to the company to optimize and utilize the resource and good delivery at the point of sale. In this way, the firm maintains the adequate and proper inventory level. The LOreal uses the supply chain index methodology which is used to estimate and predict the supply chain in the company to manage the cost and time effectively (Kaynak, Mockler Dologite, 2014). The current inventory management of the company is very effective and efficient. Further, the company has developed an integrated solution for industrial systems to handle the order management, real-time material movement, and inventory management. The implementation of ERP solutions and OM help to reduce the cost and risk related to the inventory management. Now it is suggested that the company must focus on aligning the needs and requirements of logistics function, operation, inventory management and manufacturing function. Further, the LOreal Company should focus on implementing and executing the real-time application which is available 24*7 in order to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of the inventory management. It will also ensure the long-term growth, success, and survival of the company (Corominas Sotero Garca Santos, 2013). Conclusion Now it is concluded and analyzed that interface of logistics management is beneficial for every organization in order to ensure the growth and success of the firm. It also ensures the optimum utilization of resources and it also provides business growth and success. It is reducing the production cost and enhances and provides customer satisfaction to people. Further, the current order cycle system and inventory management are effective and efficient of the LOreal Company. It has been evaluated that use of advanced technological systems, solutions, and software such as ERP, OM, ISIS assist and support the managers to reduce the cost and manage the risk of the firm. But at the same time, various key challenges and issues like changing customer needs, requirements, speed, complex and difficult business nature. So it is recommended that the company must implement some monitoring programs and campaigns to ensure the success and growth of the company. In this way, the company can build and maintain a strong position in the market to attract more men and women in the market. References Ashraf, I., Ashraf, F., Azhar, N., Anam, W. (2015). The Case Analysis of LOreal Corp. as Market Leader.International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,5(8), 131-148. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Corominas Sotero, ., Garca Santos, L. (2013). Qualitative and quantitative financial analysis of LORAL. Duflot, L. (2014). Collaboration and Information Sharing toward forecasting: A case study at LOral Sverige AB. Fernie, J., Sparks, L. (2014).Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers. Henderson, J., Ferreira, F. (2013).The interface of language, vision, and action: Eye movements and the visual world. Psychology Press. Kaynak, E., Mockler, R., Dologite, D. G. (2014).Multinational strategic management: an integrative entrepreneurial context-specific process. Routledge. Kose, M. A., Otrok, C., Prasad, E. (2012). Global business cycles: convergence or decoupling?.International Economic Review,53(2), 511-538. Mahon, E., Salvati, A., Bombelli, F. B., Lynch, I., Dawson, K. A. (2012). Designing the nanoparticlebiomolecule interface for targeting and therapeutic delivery.Journal of Controlled Release,161(2), 164-174. Palmer, A. (2012).Introduction to marketing: theory and practice. Oxford University Press. Scott, C., Lundgren, H., Thompson, P. (2011).Guide to supply chain management. Springer Science Business Media. rov, V. (2015). Managing Marketing Report On Loral Group.CRIS-Bulletin of the Centre for Research and Interdisciplinary Study,2015(1), 31-46. Strydom, J. W. (Ed.). (2011).Principles of business management. Oxford University Press. Zhou, H., Chen, Q., Li, G., Luo, S., Song, T. B., Duan, H. S., ... Yang, Y. (2014). Interface engineering of highly efficient perovskite solar cells.Science,345(6196), 542-546.

Abortion Essays (818 words) - Abortion In The United States

Abortion Essays (818 words) - Abortion In The United States Abortion Abortion has always been (and I reckon it will continue to be for quite some time) a very controversial issue not only due to the difficult comparison of rights (does the mother's rights outweigh the child's or vice-versa?) but also because of the many different instances in which the issue of abortion might come up. For instance, one couple who simply wants to plan their family, and be ready for it, is obviously different and less shocking a case as a raped fifteen-year old. Regarding abortion, pro-life and pro-choice are the two sides trying to impose their own points of view, but while one is extremely strict and makes a completely solid statement without taking each case in particular (pro-life), the other (pro-choice) acknowledges the implications of abortion and while not encouraging it in any way, it implies a certain flexibility depending on each case. I, personally, am a pro-choice person, but not taking it to the extreme. I believe a woman should have the right to choose when to have a baby but I agree with creating limitations to this right. The reasons are simple and numerous, health being the most important one, for if abortion would be deemed illegal and immoral, not only would women turn to unsanitary secretive abortions (or even desperate self-induced ones) but the psychological pain and scars would also be considerably more unbearable (I say more because they are already quite unbearable and extremely stressful). Another reason is a biological one it is the woman who carries the baby for nine months, and until the baby is out in the open, being a separate person, until the moment of birth, the baby is simply a part of the womans body. I choose to view childbirth as the moment when the child becomes the human, because it is the most valid turning point in its life -when it starts to live on its own. I consider the pro-choice point of view as being the most rational. However, I also agree that the time period of six months after conception is more than enough for the making of a decision. I support fully the six-month time condition, again mainly because of the health issues involved (abortion after six months is a risk to the mother). I also acknowledge the gruesome methods abortion implies, but I dont consider them a reason strong enough to ban abortion. I would wish there could be some sort of application process involved with abortion, but given the fact each and every case is different and also that such laws would have to be extremely detailed and confusing in order to relate to all cases on an individual plane. So I support abortion for all women as long as it is done within the first six months. And I state this because I dont believe the child is a person by the end of the six months, nor a human life. Until that point, it is a life, but it is a combination of cells insi de a body as well. Its size of only several inches adds to my inability of considering it human strictly because it lacks all the functions a human life form has, from consciousness to breathing and from feelings to personality. My point of view has a personal history behind it and even though I am not in the position of claiming a strict perspective of the subject, I realize I may be subjective. My mother described to me how she had to go through around three abortions because of my fathers drinking problems. Most of the fetuses had vital physical problems such as a deformed (contorted) body or a missing organ. My mother chose to abort them and it was a physically as well as psychologically painful process. The worse thing is that she blamed herself for it, while all the time it was my fathers irresponsible drinking that caused the malformations. I dont even want to imagine what would have happened had she been forced to carry those fetuses to term, and I am also extremely glad she didnt (I wouldnt be around if she had). All in all, I dont consider pro-life a valid, modern, twenty-first century attitude because it

Stay Gold

Stay Gold This book report was done for S.E. Hinton's novel, THE OUTSIDERS. In my essay, I explore the quote, "stay gold" and it's meaning. I used a poem that was in the novel to express this topic (the poem is by Robert Frost). What it basically is about is the cycle of life.Title: "Stay Gold"I have just recently completed reading S.E. Hinton's novel, The Outsiders. The author raises many topics faced by the teenagers of her time. Issues such as peer pressure, violence and family problems faced by the youngsters still apply to the teenagers of today. In the book, Johnny, one of the central characters draws the reader's attention to a poem. In a letter written by the dying Johnny to Ponyboy, he advises his friend to continue to (pg 154) "dig sunsets That's gold. Keep that way, it's a good way to be" In this essay, I will be concentrating on the quote "stay gold" and its meaning.Banana BookThis quote was taken from a poem written by Robert Frost which Ponyboy had trouble figuring out its meanin g. To me, the poem appears to be comparing our youthful years as being as valuable as gold. We are to enjoy our time when we are young for it is the "hardest hue to hold" on to. It is also saying that our childhood years are very short and feels like "but only so an hour" As we grow older, our garden of "Eden sank to grief" The beginning of our life will quickly end as "dawn goes down to day" So in the end "nothing gold can stay" which refers to the end of our innocence. (All quotes taken from pg69)In the book Johnny also comes up with his interpretation of the poem. "you're gold...

Analysis of the US Market from Various Perspectives Essay

Analysis of the US Market from Various Perspectives - Essay Example So, this may be considered a good time to enter the US market by acquiring well managed and under-valued insurance companies. However, the investment decision should be backed up by thorough due diligence. Also, the investment should be done with a long-term perspective. 2. The government is amenable to foreign investment: The present economic recession has forced U.S. banks to tighten their credit standards and the issuances are getting more expensive. With the weakening dollar and depressed domestic and the foreign demands, U.S. businesses are currently facing hard times. In times like these, the administration will welcome any kind of foreign investment, including in the form of acquisitions. New President means changes and changes come from new policies. So the policies formulated by the new President will definitely affect business operations of the firm to an extent. Additionally, the new President has a substantially high acceptance among the US population and it is expected that entering the office will help boost the sagging morale of the US economy. All these factors may result in an earlier than expected recovery of the US economy. For most of the aspects of management and business operations, having a better understanding of a country’s culture is very important, both for a single country and international settings. Cultural backgrounds influence people’s conjectures about the organization and hence have a profound impact on the management and business operations. (IMD, n.d) 2. The decline of the â€Å"family†: Family as a social unit has been increasingly losing its importance in the US, and the percentage of family households out of total households have dipped to 69% from 89%. This trend is critically linked to Insurance Industry as there are more units of society that will look for individual insurance. (Michael T. R.,2003) These are the 6 major trends of the U.S. from three- Economic, Political and Cultural  Perspectives.  

Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Security - Essay Example These systems also force consumers to tackle new rights and responsibilities in order to use the data and re-evaluate principles of advent computers (Stahl 2011). 2 The Importance of Ethics in Information Systems Authority, source and control are the major resources of the information. In fact, the key to success is the right access towards the information. As a result, the social and political relationships are also involved in the development and growth of information systems (Hilton, Se-Hyung "David" Oh et al. 2006). It is more important and ethical that how this information is been utilized by the people. For instance, government levels, headquarters and homes include the electronic systems (Hilton, Se-Hyung "David" Oh et al. 2006). This involvement is increased so much that the people without access to these systems are exaggerated in a particular way. For this reason, new and modern techniques, innovative ethical and lawful decisions are needed in order to balance the requireme nts and privileges of every person (Stahl 2011). 3 Ethics Fill the Gap as Legal Decisions Lag Behind Technology The legal decision lags lies as in modern technological field behind technical development and growth. These gaps are filled through confronting on the issue and by discussing the facts on how to use the electronic information should be proceed (Baase 2008). ... These include standards of acceptable behavior and rules governing members of an occupation. Moreover, these extend to the Electronic Networks, Electronic Databases and significantly to a Geographic Information Systems. The problems that are present particularly in the three areas require a little different type of ethical decisions. In general, the Electronic Systems, Geographic Information Systems and Networks are being described individually in the later section of this study. 4.1 Electronic Networks 4.1.1 A Network Defined Starting from a fundamental definition of computer networks, a network is defined as a set of computers or workstations that are capable to communicate with one another. Likewise, in other words a group of similar objects connected together. Some of the networks are present within the institutions or organizations allowing people to communicate electronically within the organization. In fact, some of these small systems are inked or connected with the other org anization’s workstations. Thus, thousands of such networks connecting together collectively form an Internet. However, several issues related to the Internet may be applied to smaller network as, well as large network connections. 4.1.2 Network as Source of Power Initially, the Electronic Networks are recognized as a reliable means of connecting and communicating. Furthermore, it is also recognized as a mean for exchanging information efficiently but today it has become a much more than this. The new sources of power are represented by the large networks. The networks are now prepared in order to generate consistency and competency in communication, so that the movement of information could not rely on another person or could not be

BIOTECHNOLOGY & GENETIC ANALYSIS PRACTICAL ASSESSMENT Essay

BIOTECHNOLOGY & GENETIC ANALYSIS PRACTICAL ASSESSMENT - Essay Example As most of these kind of catabolic genes found on plasmid observed bacterial population obtains from origin of river having very few plasmids. While in case of second sample which was obtained from nearby site of UWIC having large number of plasmid bearing bacteria. This is mainly attributed to accumulation of pollutant along the path of river and hence bacterial population need to evolved catabolic capability to survive and hence more plasmid bearing bacterial population were found in second sample. Similarly most of the plasmid was found to be in size range more than 35 KB clearly indicates most of them are Conjugative plasmids as this group of plasmid has more number of genes compared to non-conjugative plasmid to carryout conjugation process and hence larger the size. Re-suspension solution constitutes of glucose, EDTA and Tris each have its own role. Glucose provides osmotic stress and EDTA as chelating agents which binds to heavy metals and helps in disintegration of cell wall. Tris act as buffering agent and maintains pH of over all reactions to avoid any pH dependent side reaction. In this stage cells become highly fragile and some are break open. This solution is mixture of SDS and NaOH.

The issue of gender in Cambodia

The issue of gender in Cambodia Gender problem is considered as a global issue which exists not only in developing country but also in developed country. As a developing country in South-East Asia, Cambodia is known as a hierarchically ordered society. In all areas of development and administration, women always take the partnership with men. Unfortunately, they still cannot access to all equal rights, shares of benefits, opportunities, and values. Although Cambodia has reached the age of globalization, women still have been regarded as the lower group because of gender inequality. Cambodian womens choices have been in one particular limit as the result of cultural and traditional norms which is seen in many aspects of Cambodian society such as family, education, workplace and politics. Traditionally, Cambodian families value the men more than women as a Cambodian said that the men are a piece of gold when it is dropped in mud, is still a piece of gold while the women are a piece of cloth, once it is stained, stained forever. Normally, women are responsible for doing household chores and lacking of decision-making as well as giving birth while the men go outside for work to earn money and they are controversial and powerful in the family. Thus, when facing any problems, men always use their power to deal with such situation that sometime, they great physical abuse or any kinds of violence to rule over the women. Moreover, there are many reasons regarding to the wide gap between men and women of accessing of education. Firstly, Cambodian people believe that men are more important than women because men can go out to work while women have to stay at home to do the housework. Furthermore, parents do not allow their daughters to go to school because of some factors regarding security and reputation. As another Cambodian said that a family which has a daughter is not different from a family that has a toilet in front of the house. As a result, women in the past were not allowed to study because she could be stubborn, and write a love letter to men. Furthermore, after all daughters get married, they have to stay at home and to be fed by her husband. Therefore, she does not need to study. In addition, if a poor family can afford only one child to study, the family will choose son to study instead of daughter. According to an interview to a poor family which moved to Phnom Penh city from Prey Veng p rovince ten years ago that has one son and two daughters that is conducted by our group shown that both of the two daughters are not allowed to go to school because they have to work in the garment factories in order to support their brothers education. Finally, their brother now has become an upper-secondary school teacher at Santhormok High School in Phnom Penh city while they both are illiteracy. According to ADB, DFID/UK, UNDP, UNIFEM, and WB (2004, p.46) states that mens wages is 33 percent higher than womens wages depend on an individuals age and education. Moreover, Ministry of Planning (1999) says that the largest wage differences between males and females exist among young worker aged 15 to 29 with no schooling (75 percent), while the smallest differences exist among workers aged 30 to 39 years with lower secondary schooling (As cited in ADB et al., 2004, p.46), so it shows that there is substantial wage discrimination against women, and young women in particular labor markets. In addition, Cambodia Development Resource Institute (2003) says that the average daily wage for men in fishing is about 5,000 riels ($1.25), while women earn only 83 percent of that amount; in fish processing men earn about 4,150 riels ($1.13) per day and women earn 63 percent of that wage (As cited in ADB et al., 2004, p.46). Furthermore, The participatory poverty assessment (ADB, 2001) in Camb odia found that womens wage is less than mens wage where there is limited waged employment locally even they are doing the same work. For example, men can earn up to 5,000 riels (US$1.25) per day working as casual laborers while women will receive only up to 2,500 riels for the same work. In the poverty assessment shows that this differences wage is because of three reasons. First, there are some jobs that women cannot do well as men. Second, women take more time off during the day. The last reason is that it didnt matter anyway because it all went back in to the household finances (As cited in ADB et al., 2004, p.46). In addition, the rate of womens voice in politics is still low in Cambodia. Even though all men and women are equal in voting, there are still less women who represent in the parliament than men. For instance, there were only 5 percent of women candidates in 1993, and there were only five among of them won the election and joined the national assembly (ADB et al., 2004, p.125). Furthermore, this rate has been increasing very slowly. For example, there were 11.5 percent in 1998 and 12.2 percent in 2003 of women who are elected (ADB et al., 2004, p.125). In addition, the numbers of women participation in each political party are also lower than men. In 2003, only 8 out of 73 seats in Cambodian People Party, 4 out of 26 seats in Funcinpec Party, and 3 out of 24 seats in Sam Rainsy Party were women candidates (ADB et al., 2004, p.126).In short, these data represents that women are given less value than men in Cambodia politics. However, some people state that the gender inequality in Cambodia is shaped by biology. Women are physically born weaker than men so mostly they are responsible for mothering work such as deliver and to look after the babies, and stay at home to do housework while men go out for work and become breadwinner, so men have power to control the family. This point has some merit on the surface. However, pregnant is only a temporary time for women to produce the baby, and this time they can do some house work. Then, after they deliver the baby, they can go out for work as the men do such as a teacher, a doctor, an architecture, etc. In conclusion, according to the four aspects such as family, education, workplace, and politics that have mentioned above, we can analyze that culture is an essential factor that causes the gender inequality between men and women. Women have to do housework and to give birth, so they do not have chance to be educated which becomes the obstacle for them to find a well paid job. Moreover, because of the education of women still in limit, their participant in politic is also in a small number. Actually, it is really hard for women to change their culture without any supporting from men. As a result, in order to motivate people to understand more about gender inequality effectively, both government and non-government organizations need to be strongly facilitated in making policy to encouraging women knowing their right of sharing and making decision. Moreover, he has to develop the laws for violence against women, and provide more motivate girl to be educated, women to join literacy prog ram that can help them to build up their social values, so that it will develop the country because we have enough human resources. Men and women are the two elements which are inseparable from one another. They both are like the left and right hands of a country. Without one of them, a countrys development will be stuck. Moreover, women also should accept the opportunity that provided by the men. Word Counted: 1,284

Hernan Cortes - Reasons for Success :: American America History

Hernan Cortes - Reasons for Success Why was Cortes with 508 soldiers able to conquer the Aztec Empire with millions of people? Cortes was able to conquer the Aztecs for several very different reasons. In combination these reasons allowed him to have the upper hand in the conquest of Mexico. Arguably these reasons can be sorted into six different categories. The various causes for Cortes' success will be assessed in a climax pattern. To begin with the Aztecs had a harsh tribute system that was not popular among the people of Mexico. This cruel tribute system allowed Cortes to act as a liberator. Furthermore, with the Spanish brought several diseases into Mexico in witch they were immune to but the Aztecs were not. The spread of diseases such as small pox reduced the Aztec population and furthered Cortes' success unintentionally Also Marina was a tribal girl given as a gift to Cortes, she proved invaluable in translating local dialects in combination with Geronimo de Aguilar. Also an important aspect of his success was due to Montezuma's belief that Cortes was Quetzakoatl. A predominant reason for the Spanish success was due to their weaponry especially their armour and firepower. Perhaps the most important reason of all was that of Cortes' Indian allies such as the Tlaxcalans who made up the majority of his combined army. All these reasons worked together to allow Cortes, originally with 508 men to conquer the Aztec Empire of millions of people. To begin with, the Aztec's cruel tribute system allowed Cortes to act as a liberator. The process of human sacrifice was extremely common and was feared by the majority of the common people. The Aztecs as a nourishment for the Sun and all other gods needed human sacrifice. The Aztecs sacrificed between 10,000 and 50,000 victims per year. As the majority of those who were sacrificed were war captives who opposed the Aztecs, they obviously greatly feared the brutal tribute system. However not only war captives were sacrifices, common adults and children were also sacrificed at times. Cortes himself was disgusted at the thought of human sacrifice, this allowed him to gain Indian allies as well as gain respect among Mexican tribes that feared and opposed the Aztecs. The majority of the population feared the process therefore making Cortes, whom despised the process, an appealing alternative. Many followed Cortes as they shared the same views on the 'human sacrifice' topic.

The Effect Social Media Has on Anorexia

This Is the sickening effect that social media has on the generation today, that we should all weigh 90 pounds and be as thin as the fake body on a fashion magazine. Over half of girls and just about one third of males today go through this process every single day. They take steps that are not necessary to control their weight which Is most likely under the normal percentile for their age. These steps Include; laxatives, binging and purging, starving themselves, fasting or even smoking to control their weight.Larger weight and over weight teens or even children are more keel to engage in this horrible behavior only to fit in with the girls or boys on the magazine. In fact, over 20% of these overweight girls and Just over 6% of overweight boys have confessed to using tactics like starving or binging and purging to control their weight. (MEDIC) It is not hard to get sucked into this way of thinking, all it takes are a few articles and covers on a popular magazine and then the image of who you should be, according to the magazine, is burned In the back of your head forever.This train of thought Is not Just put In your brain after a day, no It takes timely The cost alarming thought of anorexia is that it is not only found in teenagers or adults, it is starting to be found in children as little as five years of age. If a Barbie is what is thought of as a role model to a young teenage girl is that not social media affecting the way their brain Is trained to picture perfection? A Victorians Secret model effects the way a mother think about herself greatly so when they start to diet, their young daughter starts to see this as normal and is trained to think that this is what said daughter should be doing.Social media is effecting mothers, aunts, or even sisters which Is then effecting young children. (Eating Disorders) In a study done of five year old girls it was revealed that very significant portion of the very young children associated a healthy diet with food rest riction, thinness, and extreme weight loss. If this is what is being instilled in our young people today then what will the future of our world look like? (Anorexia Begins) One of the most important and influential ideas that social media affects is a teenage girls perception of how skinny is beautiful.Every magazine, television commercial, and website is constantly showing how beautiful you should be and how o make sure that the extra two pounds on your hips can disappear In Just two weeks! There Is the rare moment when any ad is showing that you are beautiful just the way you are and you do not need to weigh 100 pounds to truly radiate beauty. Social 1 OFF 120 pounds because if you weigh more than that in this society then you are truly fat. What social media is not telling you is that many teens have admitted that they use unhealthy tactics because of popular media shown in every aspect of social feeds.What it also does not tell you is that around a thousand women die each year c ause of unrealistic expectations that magazines set for us. They die trying to reach perfection without realizing that perfection is far behind them. (Teen Anorexia) Perfection is all in our heads and the image is put in our heads by people on the covers of magazines, what is not realized is that all of it is fake. All models in social media are a sample size of 0-4 but on the cover of anything they are made and when teenage girls look at the they believe that this is the normalcy and desirability that they should be faced with.With this they pressure their peers which does not stop tit other girls, but has spread to pressuring boys. All girls put pressure on guys to look a certain way like an Firebombed and Fitch model, this has driven over 10% of guys to fall into anorexia, or bulimia and in extreme cases steroids to fit the bill for most women. (Male Eating Disorders) Males are over half as likely to suffer in silence because they do not think that this illness is normal for men to have. ANDREA: Eating Disorders) Eating disorders are should not normal, in males or in females, and if there are signs and symptoms of any sort of eating disorder help should try and be established. Unfortunately though in our society they are more normal than actually looking normal! Everyone is wonderful in their own way, Psalm 139:14 states, â€Å"l praise you because I am fearfully and wonderfully made; your works are wonderful, and I know that full well. † (Hope, and Healing) But is it known in society that everything is wonderful?Certainly not with social media telling people that a double zero is true beauty. Why is it the the Bible cannot be our source of social media, it gives countless examples that beauty is given by God, that perfection is the person he made and it would not be starved and withered down to 90 pounds because that is the way that the world thinks it should be. God makes every inch of every body perfectly in his eyes, it is not imperfect to weigh 130 pounds, or imperfect to not have the smallest thighs and the tiniest waist.What society needs to realize as a whole is that our imperfections are what makes up who they are. So the girl looks back in the mirror and again drops her eyes to the magazine now wrinkled in her hands. She traces the figure with her fingers re-reading the words on the cover over and over in her head. â€Å"Drop two pounds in two days! † â€Å"Perfection in he form of this super cute new tank top† â€Å"Be a size zero in zero days! † Then with only a moments notice, she swiftly but not violently tosses the magazine into the trash.She will not fall into the trap that the media has created so sneakily but will be herself. She is not going to criticize her body, or will it to be something it is not. And she continues on her life living it our as a normal teenager, without being negatively affected by the social media that surrounds her. And ever so quietly her mind has been made up; not hing is going to change who she is, because she likes the image that is reflected in the mirror.

The Controversy of Keynesian Economics essays

The Controversy of Keynesian Economics essays Two controversial economic policies are Keynesian economics and Supply Side economics. They represent opposite sides of the economic policy spectrum and were introduced at opposite ends of the 20th century, yet still are the most famous for their effects on the economy of the United States when they were used. The founder of Keynesian economic theory was John Maynard Keynes. He made many great accomplishments during his time and probably his greatest was what he did for America in its hour of need. During the 1920's, the U.S. experienced a stock market crash of enormous proportions which crippled the economy for years. Keynes knew that to recover as soon as possible, the government had to intervene and put a decrease on taxes along with an increase in spending. By putting more money into the economy and allowing more Americans to keep what they earned, the economy soon recovered and once again became prosperous. Keynes ideas were very radical at the time, and Keynes was called a socialist in disguise. Keynes was not a socialist, he just wanted to make sure that the people had enough money to invest and help the economy along. As far as stressing extremes, Keynesian economics pushed for a "happy medium" where output and prices are constant, and there is no surplus in supply, but also no deficit. Supply Side economics emphasized the supply of goods and services. Supply Side economics supports higher taxes and less government spending to help economy. Unfortunately, the Supply Side theory was applied in excess during a period in which it was not completely necessary. The Supply Side theory, also known as Reaganomics, was initiated during the Regan administration. During the 1970's, the state and local governments increased sales and excise taxes. These taxes were passed from business to business and finally to the customer, resulting in higher prices. Along with raised taxes for the middle and lower classes, this effect was com...

Understanding Ecological Succession

Understanding Ecological Succession Ecological succession is the progressive change, in an ecosystem, of species composition over time. With the change in species composition comes a series of modifications in community structure and function. A classic example of succession involves the series of changes observed in an abandoned field in what is normally a forested area. Once the field is no longer grazed or mowed, the seeds of shrubs and trees will sprout and rapidly start growing. Before long, shrubs and tree saplings will be the dominant vegetation form. The tree species will then grow to the point of shading out the shrubs, eventually forming a complete canopy. The species composition in that young forest will continue to turn over until it is dominated by a stable, self-maintaining group of species called a climax community. Primary vs. Secondary Succession Ecological succession where there was no vegetation prior is called primary succession. We can observe primary succession on bulldozed sites, after an intense fire, or following a volcanic eruption, for example. The first plant species to show up have the ability to very quickly colonize and grow in these bare areas. Depending on the region, these pioneer species can be grasses, broadleaf plantain, Queen Anne’s lace, or trees like aspen, alder, or black locust. The pioneers set up the stage for the next phase of succession, improving soil chemistry and adding organic matter which provides nutrients, better soil structure, and greater water-holding capacity. Secondary succession occurs when a new set of organisms appears where there was an ecological set-back (for example a clear-cut logging operation) but where a cover of living plants was left behind. The abandoned agricultural field described above is a perfect example of secondary succession. Common plants during this stage are raspberries, asters, goldenrods, cherry trees, and paper birch. Climax Communities and Disturbance The last stage of succession is the climax community. In a forest, climax species are those that can grow in the shade of taller  trees – hence the name shade-tolerant species. The composition of climax communities varies geographically. In parts of the eastern United States, a climax forest will be made of sugar maples, eastern hemlock, and American beech. In Washington State’s Olympic National Park, the climax community may be dominated by western hemlock, Pacific silver fir, and western redcedar. A common misconception is that climax communities are permanent and frozen in time. In reality, the oldest trees eventually die and are replaced by other trees waiting under the canopy. This makes climax canopy part of a dynamic equilibrium, always changing but overall looking the same. Significant changes will occasionally be brought about by disturbances. Disturbances can be wind damage from a hurricane, a wildfire, an insect attack, or even logging. The type, size, and frequency of disturbances vary by region – some coastal, wet locations experience fires on average once every few thousand years, while eastern boreal forests may be subject to spruce budworm kills every few decades. These disturbances knock back the community into an earlier successional stage, restarting the process of ecological succession. The Value of Late Successional Habitat The dark shade and tall canopies of climax forests provide shelter for a number of specialized birds, mammals, and other organisms. The cerulean warbler, wood thrush, and red-cockaded woodpecker  are dwellers of old forests. The threatened spotted owl and Humboldt fisher both require large stands of late successional redwood and Douglas-fir forests. Many small flowering plants and ferns rely on the shady forest floor beneath old trees. The Value of Early Successional Habitat There is also considerable value in early successional habitat. These shrubland and young forests rely on recurring disturbances that set succession back. Unfortunately, in many places, these disturbances often turn forests into housing developments and other land uses that short-cut the ecological succession process. As a result, shrublands and young forests can become quite rare on the landscape. Many birds rely on early successional habitats, including the brown thrasher, golden-winged warbler, and prairie warbler. There are also mammals that need shrubby habitat, perhaps most notably the New England cottontail.

You Decide Week 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

You Decide Week 3 - Assignment Example According to the integrated patrol strategy, the patrol officers are provided the opportunity of identifying the solutions to the problems. For instance, it has been mentioned in the case that case-to-fruition mentality is developed in which the lieutenants and sergeants continuously reviewed the crime data and then worked with the patrol officers to work out the problems. All those cases that required follow-up were returned to the patrol officers who responded to the cases before they were sent to the investigators; each officer was given the responsibility of doing the necessary investigation and ensuring that the crimes within the specific patrol area were resolved. Since every organization has to make some changes in its operations to enhance the productivity and efficiency of its employees, it is important for it to ensure that resistance to change is kept to a minimal level. In this case, the high resistance is expected from the patrol officers as they will have to increase their efforts to implement the new strategy in their working behavior. The biggest challenge will be to train the officers to develop an understanding about the process of using data in resolving a crime. Since they have been trained in solving cases on the basis of their expertise and own judgments; the new system will mandate them to seek help from the sergeants and lieutenants for solving a case. Besides that there is already an excessive burden on the patrol offices, giving them an additional responsibility that can develop a de-motivating feeling in them. In order to handle the resistance when implementing the new strategy, the Chief will have to first arrange a meeting with the entire team of patrol officers so that he can brief them about the need of implementation of this new strategy and he should also ask them to give their recommendation on dividing the work so that everyone can work smoothly and flexibly. When patrol

The History of Arabia and its Culture Assignment - 152

The History of Arabia and its Culture - Assignment Example The duration in the history of Arabia before the birth of Islam is referred to as Times of Ignorance. This is according to the practices and beliefs of pagan Arabs. The Arabs devoted to several religions which are characterized as polytheists, Christian Jews, and atheists. Most Arabs worshipped several idols. The atheist Arabs believed on the eternal world. After Romans destruction of Jerusalem, in A. D. 70, drove Jews into Hijaz, Arabia. Romans converted the Ghassan Arab tribe to Christianity (Farah 45). The state religion in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is Islam. Saudi Arabia hosts Mecca and Medina cities. Muhammad, the leader of the Islamic religion lived and died in the cities. The cities attract pilgrims in millions yearly. â€Å"Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques† is the King of Saudi Arabia’s official title (Farah 27). The two mosques are; Masjid al-Haram and Al-Masjid al-Nabawi, in Mecca and Medina respectively. Saudi Arabia gave rise to the Arabic language, which is used in the Quran. Islam changed Arabs in several ways. For instance, the religion plays a significant role in the Saudi state and society. The influence of the religious establishment, ulema, is very great. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia entails the Arab Islamic state which is sovereign. Islam is the state religion, and the constitution is The Holy Quran; and the Sunna, traditions of the Prophet. Arab Israeli conflict entails military conflicts and the political tensions involving Israel and some Arab Countries. The basis of the present Arab Israel conflict is the rise of the Arab nationalism and Zionism, at the end 19th century. Territories viewed by the Jews as historically theirs, are also viewed by the Pan Arabs as belonging to, historically and presently, Palestinian Arabs (Morris 217). This tension among the Palestinian Arabs and Jews started at the beginning of the 20th century.  

Final Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Final - Research Paper Example Norris Wright Cuney, a black leader from Texas, managed the party from 1883 until his demise in 1896. He had labeled the dissatisfied group "lily-whites." During the early days of Reconstruction, a fight ensued in Texas and the South between the whites and blacks for the management of the Republican Party (Mowry, 1940). White GOP leaders were seeking respect among Southern voters, and there was a conviction that the blacks’ involvement in the party disturbed the expansion of the party. The lily-white Republicans started a plan to kick out blacks from positions of power. Although Texas blacks pleased with the Northern party leadership to stop the movement, the movement has been successful since Republican presidents after 1865 needed endorsement of the Southern white population (Mowry, 1940). The 1892 election was a turning point for the two factions of the Party as Cuney rallied the black and tans behind George Clark, who was a conservative Democrat. The lily-whites recommended Andrew Jackson Houston for the governorship post. Clark lost the elections, and Democratic Grover Cleveland emerged the winner of the presidency (Mowry, 1940). The black people appeared to lose the elections as their preferred candidates lost the elections. Although African Americans lost the election and control of the party, they had sent a message that they were involved in the political affairs of the US. The journey towards equal rights had just begun, and their rights could not be ignored in any way. Future political activists were motivated by the actions of a group of African Americans who helped in the formation of the party. The Black Power movement emerged after the Civil Rights Movement that was fighting for the rights of the African American (Joseph, 2006). Even though it was not an official movement, the Black Power movement defined the relationship between the blacks and whites and

Business Law Essay Example for Free

Business Law Essay Introduction At the course of Business Law, we got the knowledge about the contract. In addition we have an assignment that provides a contract analysis. This evaluation of the contract will be reviewed in accordance with the following requirements: 1. What specifically makes this contract enforceable? 2. What are the responsibilities of both parties? 3. What are the possible damages and liabilities? 4. What impact does a potential breach of contract have on the business? 5. Summarize, by reflecting in general on the impact legal issues can have in both small and large businesses. So, a contract is any voluntary legally binding agreement between two or more people or businesses. In our case the two parties will be represented by The State of Oregon, and by Pro DX, who will provide services and goods to the first one. 1. What specifically makes this contract enforceable? Based on the English Statute of Frauds, not every contract has to be in writing to be valid and enforceable, but some contracts should be. This agreement between State of Oregon and Pro DX, should be in writing because this contract involving the providing of services (repairs, replacements, maintenances, and others) exceeding a big amount of money. To avoid misunderstandings and disagreements and to reduce the possibility of perjury by one party or the other, this contract should be in writing. Furthermore, because it can be performed in less than one year, this kind of contract can be in oral form, and it requires involving the third party (a witness) who in case of the trial will bring a reasonable and effective evidences, otherwise one of the party might deny that the contract ever existed or might disagree on the terms of the contract. Besides that this contract is a service contract, it is also a good contract because it requires implementation of goods components in modernizat ion of the software. (Article 2 of the UCC) This contract, like all contracts become enforceable if all the elements of the contract have been fulfilled without fail. First that prove that the contract is enforceable is the offer. * The offer is a proposal made by one person to another person for the sale and purchase of goods, to engage in a job, action participation, and provision of services. So this contract offers software system design and programming services, in the future is valued at $ 52,800.00 for the state of Oregon. * Another element mentioned in the contract is acceptance. In general acceptance of an offer is a manifestation of assent to the terms thereof made by the offeree in a manner invited or required by the offer. Acceptance in this case is described that contractor, herein Pro DX, agrees to perform the work in accordance with the terms and conditions of this contract. * Another important element found in this agreement is the legal consideration; this means that each party must provide something of value. In our contract this means that one party (Pro DX) will provide a service (such as maintenance, programming services, software), or a product, in exchange for money (from the State of Oregon, therein represented by the DHS). * If talking about a Professional Data Exchange Company and State of Oregon, we automatically can say that another element of contract is automatically respected. This is capacity to create a contract such means that each party must have the legal capacity to enter a contract. In most jurisdictions that means that they must be at least a certain age and of sound mind. For this mentioned companies it may mean that the individual is given express authority to enter a contract in the company’s bylaws or other formal documents, such is State of Oregon that is acting by and trough its Department of Human Services, Office of Information Services, hereinafter referred to as DHS. * An element with the biggest importance is that this contract has a legal purpose. And it is, because this agreement refers just to providing of services and not illegal things. * The last element that should make enforceable this contract is that both parties should be mentally competent. In special this contract, has all this requirements but it is still unenforceable because it doesn’t have so little elements that also make a contract enforceable. These are: the commencement date of the contract, party’s rights written in and not only the responsibilities, and party’s signatures and stamps. 2. What are the responsibilities of both parties? The important responsibilities of the contractor (therein as Pro DX) are: * To provide system design and programming services, including COBOL II, Easytrieve Plus, CICS, CA Intertest and VSAM and DB2 file structures, and make corrections approved by DHS Project Manager. * To construct or modify and implement programs/ files that will control the processing of rates on the JD/CBC system, based on DHS supplied Project Design document and criteria. * To perform design changes, programming, acceptance testing or implementation to address unforeseen error(s), newly discovered bugs and/or interfacing issues. * To demonstrate successful implementation of the production system content with the requirements of Statement of Work to DHS Project Manager. * All these services should be provided in specific limit of time and cost. While the DHS Project Manager responsibilities are: * To provide the necessary methodologies and standards that conforms to documentation standards. * To promote the rules for completing each task within time frame and approval of every task. * To define and document what testing data is needed for the CBC/512 rate structure project. * To pay for services provided by contractor herein as Professional Data Exchange (ProDX). 3. What are the possible damages and liabilities? If Pro DX breaches the contract, the possible damages can be: * The DHS might sue the party for a remedies under the law; * The Pro DX will be enforced to pay the caused damages, that can be compensatory, liquidated, nominal, and/or punitive damages. * The Pro DX can be enforced to a specific performance. Basically a decree requiring the breaching party to perform their part of the bargain in the contract. * Pro DX might meet with the terms such -Cancellation and Restitution. A non-breaching party may cancel the contract and sue for restitution if the non-breaching party has given a benefit to the breaching party. The former contract which is the subject of dispute is â€Å"rescinded† (cancelled), and a new one may be formed to meet the parties’ needs. * Pro DX will have to pay the attorney’s fees and cost. (in case of litigation). If we will look from the DHS’s side, the possible damages that can appear are: * To waste time waiting for the performance; * To lose the work that should be provided after the implementation; * Damage also includes the costs of hiring another company to finish the job. The liabilities that can be provided by Pro DX are: * To provide the programs and software that will satisfy the State of Oregon; * To complete all maintenance work within time frame; * To not to exceed the cost and work hours. The liabilities that should be provided by DHS are: * To establish the criteria and methodologies necessaries to accept the new right implemented programs and software; * To make corrections (if needed) in the supplied services; * To pay money for successful implemented system. 4. What impact does a potential breach of contract have on the business? So in the case of non-fulfillment of a contract by one party (for example by Pro DX), as a result the other party (DHS) suffers losses. Breach of a contract has negative effects, and has wide ranging consequences both legal and practical to the parties to the contract: * Loss of money – (if, for example, Pro DX refuses to form his side of the bargain on the due date or performs incompletely, in result the second party, DHS, will lose their money for this implementation and also will lose their time spend on waiting for, and somehow will lose the profit that can be made further). * Loss of time (if, for example, Pro DX’s programs and software will not be accepted by the DHS’s side, the first will result that lost their time, and some files or programs, for doing this job). * Loss of a financial partner- it can be lose a potential investor or/and the business with who you are dealing. * Loss of trust- it is bad for any business, because no one will have pleasure to make business with an entity that lost trust in the market. * Loss of markets- insufficiently active or successful business means a loss of competitiveness and loss of market. * Injury to reputation It is not good for a business reputation if word gets out that they have not honored their part of the contract. Other companies will be reluctant to do business with an entity which has previously defaulted on other contracts. 5. Summarize, by reflecting in general on the impact legal issues can have in both small and large businesses. Although some recent studies have looked at the impact of regulations on the relationship between government and private business in general, the attention has been directed toward understanding precisely how government regulations have affected small businesses. There is good reason to believe that size matters. Precisely because of their smaller size, small businesses are likely to be less diversified and less able to leverage economies of scale or to access capital markets. As a result, small businesses might be more risk-averse and less able to react to unexpected events compared to larger businesses. Large firms with deep pockets might be more frequent targets of employee discrimination, wrongful discharge and other suits. Large firms might also have a stronger incentive to spend substantial resources aggressively defending any one suit so as to deter future suits. On the other hand, small firms may be more vulnerable to breach of a non-compete agreement or violation of trade secrets rules as the entire business may depend on that trade secret. As a result, they may be more likely to prosecute, in spite of the costs and the risks of bankruptcy. (http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/smallbus.html, Source: U.S. Census Bureau.) Also as an owner of a small business or a large business, the common danger of crippling litigation should also be at the top of your priorities. Disgruntled Employees, Discrimination/Harassment Cases, Immigration Audits – any business should make sure that all its company’s employees can legally work in the United States. Unsatisfied Customers Customers who are unsatisfied can file class action lawsuits against the company, in which they gather in large consumer groups and attack the company over faulty products, services or promises. With enough unsatisfied customers, class action lawsuits can do more damage than any individual or corporation and irreparably tarnish your brand’s image. Other Legal Issues These are only some of the most common legal issues facing small and large businesses today. Good communication in the workplace and a hands-on approach to management is the best deterrent to legal issues. Of course the big companies that are facing with these issues, the damage (financial risks, or company image) are higher and have a more sever reflection, than a small company could have. 6. What are the implications this project has for your chosen career? At the end of this evaluation of the contract, as a future accountant, I understood that the contract is the safer way to make an exchange of goods and/or services. I got the knowledge what is a valid contract, what it makes enforceable, what are the elements of the contract, what are the risks and liabilities. This big source of information will help me to be more capable and to feel free while signing a contract. Those skills will help me to manage my business or my job as accountant without breaking the law. Everyone in his life has deals with the contracts, even if this is unwritten or is written one. Even in the supermarket, or when we are buying clothes, we are doing the exchange of money and a product. So the rules of the contract is that one party is offering something, when another party is considering your offer and decides to have a relationship with you or not. Also, as an accountant or a business woman, an important thing is to know how, to behave in unexpected situation. In activity of businesses can appear the situations called Force Majeure- this is an emergency, do not depend on the participation of the parties. (For example: fire, earthquakes, hurricanes, and others.). In this case, none of the parties is legally responsible for its obligations. Further, to that contract, is made an additional agreement, which specifies other conditions. So knowing what is legal and what are the criteria that make a contract valid and enforceable will help me to succeed in my accountant ca reer. Conclusion Business law courses were often overlooked in high school, or college. It’s not an education required strictly for attorneys that represent and defend businesses, in fact it’s pretty much for almost anyone. Contracts are written or oral agreement between two or more parties. The parties can be individuals, companies, non-profits or government agencies. With a contract, two or more parties agree to exchange services or promises. Many parts of our daily lives involve contracts. When we buy an insurance policy for the home or the car, for example, we are entering into an agreement. Many people have employment contracts. Even when we go to a doctor these days we have to sign a contract agreeing to receive medical treatment. If speaking in special about this analysis of a contract, about knowing how and when we enter into a contract to be safer, more convenient and profitable. So business law through information and specific examples will help us to get more information sought. In analysis of such a contract, we are able to focus on the elements and requirements so, that we do not overlook anything. This practice will develop in the future to have a professional behavior in the process of concluding a contract.